Viva Physics for Class X

Contents:

Chapter 1: Electricity and Its Effect • Electricity • Electric charge and current • Electric potential and potential difference • Electric current - charges in motion • Conductors and insulators • Flow of current through a metal • Maintaining constant potential difference across a conductor • Electrical symbols • Electric circuits and circuit diagrams • Ohm's law • Resistance • Resistivity and classifying materials on its basis • Electric shock and Ohm's law • Superconductors • Combinations of resistances • How are electrical appliances connected in a house • Electrical energy and electrical power • Heating effect of current

Chapter 2: Magnets and Magnetic Effect of Current • Magnetic effects of current • electromagnetism • Magnetic field and magnetic field lines • Magnetic field due to a current-carrying conductor • Magnetic field due to a straight current-carrying conductor • Magnetic field due to a current-carrying circular coil (or circular wire) • Magnetic field produced by a current-carrying solenoid • Electromagnet • Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field • Electric motor • Electromagnetic induction -magnetism produces electricity • Electric generators (dynamos) • AC generator • DC generator • Electricity used at home-domestic electric circuits • The electric fuse ••• a safety device • Earthing of electrical appliances • Wiring of the household circuits • Hazards of electricity and safety in its use • Magnetism in human beings, animals and plants

Chapter 3: Sources of Energy • Sources of energy • Conventional sources of energy • fossil fuels • Coal • Petroleum • Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) • Natural gas • Thermal power plants • Hydroenergy • Improvements in the technology for using conventional sources of energy • Biomass as a source of energy: Bioenergy • Wood and charcoal • Cattle dung • a versatile biomass • Biogas plants • Wind energy • Alternative or nonconventional sources of energy • Solar energy • Harnessing solar energy • Solar heating devices • Solar heating devices with spherical/parabolic reflectors: solar concentrators • Electricity from sunlight • Energy from the sea/ocean • Geothermal energy • Nuclear energy • Nuclear reactions • Nuclear fission • Energy released in fission reactions • Electricity from nuclear energy • Nuclear fusion • Nuclear hazards and safety measures • Environmental consequences of using fossil fuels • How long will the conventional sources of energy last: energy crisis

Chapter 4: Reflection of Light • Nature of light • Reflection of light • Mirrors • Terminology for spherical mirrors • Formation of images by a plane mirror • Formation of images by a concave mirror • Formation of images by a convex mirror • Sign convention for reflection by spherical mirrors • Mirror formula • Magnification and size of the image relative to that of the object

Chapter 5: Refraction of Light • Refraction of light • Refraction of light through a glass slab • Refraction of light through spherical lenses • Terminology for lenses • Formation of images by a convex lens • Uses of convex lenses • Formation of images by a concave lens • Uses of concave lenses • Sign convention for lenses • Lens formula • Magnification by lenses • Power of a lens

Chapter 6: The Human Eye and the Colourful World • The human eye • Power of accommodation of the eye • Colour vision • Defects of vision and their correction • Refraction of light through a prism • Dispersion of white light by a glass prism • Atmospheric refraction: some optical phenomena in nature • Scattering of light • Tyndall effect

Model Questions for Year-End Examination

Value-Based Questions

About the Authors:

Dr. S K Jain did his postgraduation from IIT Delhi and PhD from University of Delhi. He specializes in Physical Chemistry and takes special interest in Electrochemistry and Energy Conversion. He has published over fifty research papers in journals of international repute. Dr. Jain has visited several countries on research assignments as Research Associate and also as visiting Scientist. He has written many textbooks for school and college students.

Dr. Shailesh K Jain did his postgraduation from IIT Kanpur and PhD from the United Kingdom. He specializes in the field of Heterogeneous Catalysis and has special interest in the field of Analytical Chemistry related to the metallurgical operations. He has published several research papers and co-authored many textbooks for school and college students. He is involved actively in the popularization of Science at School/undergraduate levels.