Viva ICSE Chemistry 6

Contents:

Chapter 1. Introduction to Chemistry • CHEMISTRY—MEANING • DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMISTRY—A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE • Alchemy • NOTABLE CHEMISTS—Antoine Lavoisier, Dmitri Mendeleev, John Dalton, J.J. Thomson, Ernest Rutherford, Niels Bohr • IMPORTANCE OF CHEMISTRY • FOOD AND CHEMISTRY—Food and Agriculture, Food Processing • COSMETICS AND CHEMISTRY • CLOTHING AND CHEMISTRY • MEDICINES AND CHEMISTRY • CHEMICALS IN INDUSTRIES

Chapter 2. Elements, Compounds and Mixtures • ELEMENTS • Characteristics of an Element, Classification of Elements • SYMBOLS OF ELEMENTS—Writing Symbols of an Element • COMPOUNDS—Characteristics of a Compound • ATOMS AND MOLECULES—Atom, Molecule • USES OF SOME ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS • MIXTURES—Characteristics of a Mixture, Types of Mixtures, Differences between Compounds and Mixtures • SEPARATION OF MIXTURES • Need for Separation of Mixtures, Principle of Separation

Chapter 3. The Nature of Matter • PROPERTIES OF MATTER • Matter has Mass, Matter Occupies Space, Differences between Mass and Weight • STATES OF MATTER—Composition and Properties of Matter • EXPLANATION FOR THE EXISTENCE OF THREE STATES OF MATTER—Solids, Liquids, Gases, Reasons for Differences in Properties of Three States of Matter • EFFECTS OF HEAT ON MATTER • Change in States of Matter, Expansion of Matter, Chemical Change on Heating

Chapter 4. Water • OCCURRENCE OF WATER • SOURCES OF WATER—Rainwater, Surface Water, Groundwater • STATES OF WATER—Water Cycle, Change in Density and Volume of Water with Temperature • IMPORTANCE OF WATER • WATER—A UNIVERSAL SOLVENT • POTABLE WATER • Diseases Caused by Contaminated Water or Waterborne Diseases • PURIFICATION OF WATER—Sedimentation and Decantation, Loading, Filtration, Chlorination, Boiling, Aeration, Ozonization, Water Purifiers and RO System, Distillation • IMPORTANCE OF WATER FOR SUSTENANCE OF LIFE ON EARTH • Need to Conserve Water • WATER POLLUTION— Causes of Water Pollution, Prevention of Water Pollution • FLOODS AND DROUGHTS—Flood, Drought

Chapter 5. Air and Atmosphere • AIR: A MIXTURE OF GASES • Properties of Air, Evidence to Confirm that Air is a Mixture • USES OF COMPONENTS OF AIR • Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapour, Dust and Smoke • IMPORTANCE OF AIR • Respiration, Combustion or Burning, Similarities between Respiration and Combustion, Differences between Respiration and Combustion • MAINTENANCE OF AIR COMPOSITION IN NATURE • AIR POLLUTION • Causes of Air Pollution, Effects of Air Pollution, Measures for Reducing Air Pollution • ATMOSPHERE

At a Glance

Ask and Learn

Attempt and Score

Logical Thinking

About the Authors:

Prof. Suresh Garg has been associated with School of Sciences in lndira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi since 1993. He served as Commonwealth Expert on Distance Science Teaching at the University of the South Pacific, Fiji Islands from 1996 to 1998. During 1999-2002, he was appointed as Director, School of Sciences of the University and in 2002-2006, he served as Pro-Vice Chancellor and Acting Vice Chancellor of IGNOU. In the period 2008-2010, as Commonwealth expert, he worked as Founder Director, Centre for Learning and Teaching, National University of Lesotho, Lesotho, Southern Africa.

He has been a member of several national and international professional bodies like lndian Association of Physics Teachers, CASTME-Asia, and ICTP-India. Having served on academic, research and management boards of several conventional and open universities in the country and abroad, he carries vast experience in educational planning, management and pedagogy. His books in Physics are widely prescribed by several universities in India. He has also published two books on different aspects of lndian higher education. He has also co-edited five books in different areas of distance education, besides publishing more than 75 research papers in national and international journals of repute, 20 chapters in books and a large number of popular articles. During the period 2003-2006, he was Chief Editor of lndian Journal of Open Learning published by IGNOU. Between 2004 and 2006, he was Editor of Global E-Journal of Open, Flexible & Distance Education. He has been on the Editorial Boards of AAOU Journal on open learning, Staff and Educational Development International, lnternational Journal of Scientific, Engineering and Educational Research published online and Open Praxis published by International Council for Distance Education.

Neha Sharma is a gold medalist in M.Tech. from Guru Gobind Singh lndraprastha University. She did her M.Sc. from the University of Delhi and has worked as an Assistant Professor in Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida for more than seven years. Presently she is working as a PGT faculty in Venkateshwar Global School, Rohini.