Essentials of Perioperative Nursing, 4/e (With CD)

Contents: 

Chapter 1: Introduction to Perioperative Nursing • Phases of the Surgical Experience • Preoperative • Intraoperative • Postoperative • Nursing Process Throughout the Perioperative Period • Assessment • Nursing Diagnoses • Planning • Intervention • Evaluation • Perioperative Nursing Data Set • Patient Outcomes: Standards of Perioperative Care • Roles of the Perioperative Nurse • Expanded and Advanced Practice Roles • Practice Settings • Members and Responsibilities of the Surgical Team

Chapter 2: Preparing the Patient for Surgery • Nursing Diagnoses • Desired Patient Outcomes • Preoperative Preparation • Preoperative Assessment and Interventions • Overview • Sources of Patient Information • Assessment Parameters • Physiologic • Psychosocial • Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions • Preoperative Period • Intraoperative Period • Prevention of Wrong Site Surgery • Patient/Family Teaching • Communication of Relevant Patient Data

Chapter 3: Prevention of Infection - Preparation of Instruments and Items Used in Surgery: Sterilization and Disinfection • Definitions • Desired Patient Outcomes • Sterilization and Disinfection • Critical, Semicritical and Noncritical Items • Critical Items- Examples • Semicritical Items- Examples • Noncritical Items-Examples • Sterility Assurance Level (SAL) • Disinfection • Methods of Sterilization • Overview • Thermal Sterilization-Steam Under Pressure: Moist Heat • Advantages • Disadvantages • Steam Sterilizers-Autoclaves • Overview • Gravity Displacement • Prevacuum Sterilizer (Dynamic-Air-Removal) • Bowie-Dick Test • Steam- Flush- Pressure-Pulse Sterilizer • Flash Sterilization • Chemical Sterilization-Ethylene Oxide Gas (EO) • Description • Advantages • Disadvantages • Chemical Sterilization-Low-Temperature Hydrogen Peroxide Gas Plasma • Description • Advantages • Disadvantages • Chemical Sterilization-Liquid Peracetic Acid • Description • Advantages • Disadvantages • Other Emerging Sterilization Technologies • Sterilization-Quality Control • Overview • Physical Monitors • Chemical Indicators • Biological Monitors • Rapid Readout Biological Monitors • Record Keeping • Disinfection • Overview • Levels of Disinfectants-Application • Glutaraldehyde • Ortho-phthalaldehyde • Disinfection-Quality Control • Documentation

Chapter 4: Prevention of Infection - Preparation of Instruments and Items Used in Surgery: Cleaning, Packaging, and Storage • Definitions • Nursing Diagnosis-Desired Patient Outcomes • Nursing Responsibilities • Preparation of Items and Instruments for Sterilization • Cleaning • Intraoperative Cleaning • Postoperative Cleaning • Manual Cleaning • Mechanical Cleaning • Special Protocols • Eye Instruments • Instruments Exposed to Prions • Flexible Endoscopes • Robotic Instruments • Ultrasonic Cleaning • Lubrication • Inspection • Packaging Materials- Barriers • Selection Criteria • Types of Packaging • Overview • Woven Fabric • Nonwoven Materials • Plastic/Paper, Plastic/Yvek - Pouches • Rigid Containers • Principles of Packaging-Steam • Instruments • Other Items • Basins, Bowls, Cups • Rubber Goods, Tubing, Items with a Lumen, Wood Items • Reusable Textiles- Linen Packs • Packaging for Alternate Methods of Sterilization • Package Information and Identification • Chemical Indicators • Sealing • Labels • Shelf Life • Storage Considerations • Determining Factors • Reuse of Single-Use Devices

Chapter 5: Prevention of Infection - Aseptic Practices: Attire, Scrubbing, Gowning, Gloving, Draping, Prepping, Creating and Maintaining a Sterile Field, OR Environment, and Sanitation • Nursing Diagnosis- Desired Patient Outcomes • Nursing Responsibilities • Pathogenic Microorganisms • Sources of Infection (Endogenous) • Patients • Sources of Infection (Exogenous) • Personnel • Environment • Equipment • Standard and Transmission-Based Precautions • Control of Sources of Infection • Control of Patient Sources of Infection-Skin Prep • Control of Personnel Sources of Infection • Attire • Scrubbing, Gowning, and Gloving • Definitions • Traditional Surgical Hand Antisepsis (Traditional Scrub Procedure) •   Use of Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs • • Gowning and Gloving Procedure • Assisting Others to Gown and Glove • Creating a Sterile Field • Draping • Draping Guidelines • Standard Drapes • Maintaining a Sterile Field • Control of Environmental Sources of Infection • Traffic Patterns • Operating Room Environment • Operating Room Sanitation • Additional Considerations-Cleaning and Scheduling •    Special Considerations

Chapter 6: Prevention of Injury - Positioning the Patient for Surgery  • Overview  • Desired Patient Outcomes • Impact of Surgical Positioning • Overview of Injuries • Respiratory and Circulatory System Compromise • Neuromuscular Injury • Facial Nerves • Brachial Plexus • Lower Extremity Nerves • Integumentary System Injury • Responsibilities of the Perioperative Nurse • Patient Advocate • Nursing Considerations • Patient Assessment • Planning Care • Additional Considerations for Positioning • Surgical Procedure • Anesthesia • Patient Dignity • Positioning Devices • Implementation of Patient Care • Transportation and Transfer • Initial Position • Techniques • Basic Surgical Positions • Supine (Dorsal Recumbent) • Trendelenburg • Reverse Trendelenburg • Lithotomy • Sitting (Semisitting, Semi-Fowler's, Lawnchair) • Prone • Jackknife (Kraske's) • Lateral • Positioning the Morbidly Obese Patient • Evaluating Implementation of Positioning • Postoperative Transfer • Documentation of Nursing Actions 

Chapter 7: Prevention of Injury-Counts In Surgery • Description • Nursing Diagnosis-Desired Patient Outcome Overview • Nursing Responsibilities • Count Procedures • Sponge Counts • Sharps and Miscellaneous Items Counts • Instrument Counts • Documentation

Chapter 8: Prevention of Injury • Hemostatis, Tourniquet and Electrosurgical Equipment • Hemostasis • Natural Methods of Hemostasis • Artificial Methods of Hemostasis • Chemical Hemostasis • Thrombin • Absorbable Gelatin • Oxidized Cellulose • Microfibrillar Collagen • Styptic • Mechanical Hemostasis • Instruments, Ties, Suture Ligatures, Ligating Clips • Bonewax • Pressure • Tourniquet • Overview • Nursing Diagnosis-Desired Patient Outcome • Nursing Interventions • Electrical Hemostasis-Electrosurgery • Overview • Electrosurgical Components • The Generator • The Active Electrode • The Dispersive Electrode • Application • Nursing Diagnosis-Desired Patient Outcomes • Desired Patient Outcome/Criteria • Nursing Interventions-Patient and Staff Safety • Electrosurgical Use During Endoscopic Surgery-Special Precautions • Ultrasonic Energy Devices • Overview • System Components • Tissue Effects • Technology Characteristics • Applications • Argon Beam-Enhanced Electrosurgery • Overview. • System Components • Application and Characteristics

Chapter 9: Prevention of Injury- Use and Care of Basic Surgical Instrumentation • Nursing Diagnosis Desired Patient Outcome • Overview • Evolution of Surgical Instruments • Proper Care an  HandlingDepartmental Impact • Manufacture of Surgical Instruments • Nursing Responsibilities Related to Surgical Instrumentation •   Categories of Instruments • Cutting and Dissecting Instruments • Clamps • Hemostatic Clamps • Noncrushing Vascular Clamps • Occluding Clamps • Grasping and Holding Clamps • Grasping Forceps • Retractors • Suction • Other • Care and Handling • Cleaning • General Guidelines for Care and Cleaning  • Inspection

Chapter 10: Prevention of Injury- Wound Management • Nursing Diagnoses-Desired Patient Outcomes • Potential Injury • Desired Patient Outcomes/Criteria • Surgical Wounds • Surgical Wound Classification • Wound Healing • Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Intention or Delayed Primary Closure Process of Wound Healing • Suture Material • Classification of Suture Material • Monofilament and Multifilament • Absorbable Suture • Nonabsorbable Suture • Suture Diameter • Suture Selection-Considerations • Suture Package Information • Surgical Needles • Needle Characteristics • Needle Attachment • Other Wound Closure Devices • Stapling Devices • Skin Tapes and Skin Adhesives • Surgical Mesh • Drains • Dressings • Nursing Responsibilities Related to Wound Management

Chapter 11: Prevention of Injury- Anesthesia and Medication Safety • Potential Injury-Desired Patient Outcomes • Nursing Diagnoses • Desired Patient Outcomes • Outcome Criteria • Overview of Nursing Responsibilities • Preanesthesia • Assessment Data • American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification • Patient Teaching  • Patient Instructions • Selection of Anesthetic Agents and Technique • Anesthesia Techniques-Overview • Premedication • Goals • Medications/Protocols • Monitoring • Practice Recommendations and Standards • Monitoring Devices • Precordial or Esophageal Stethoscope • Electrocardiogram (ECG) • Pulse Oximetry • Blood Pressure • Temperature • Capnography • General Anesthesia • Inhalation Agents • Anesthesia Machine • Intravenous Agents • Barbiturate Induction Agents • Nonbarbiturate Induction Agents • Dissociative Induction Agent • Narcotics • Tranquilizers- Benzodiazepines • Neuromuscular Blockers (Muscle Relaxants) • Stages of Anesthesia • Preparation for Anesthesia-Nursing Responsibilities •   Sequence for General Anesthesia-Nursing Responsibilities • Malignant Hyperthermia • Overview • Treatment • Nursing Responsibilities • Moderate Sedation/Analgesia • Overview • Nursing Responsibilities • Regional Anesthesia • Overview • Spinal • Epidural and Caudal • Intravenous Block (Bier Block) • Nerve Block • Local Infiltration • Topical • Regional Anesthesia-Nursing Responsibilities • Medication Safety • Overview • Responsibilities of Team Members 

Chapter 12: Workplace Safety • Regulations • Standards and Recommendations • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) The Joint Commission  • Job Safety Analysis • Physical Hazards • Fire • Electricity • Radiation • Lifting and Moving • Slips, Thips, and Falls • Head Injury • Chemical Hazards •   Formaldehyde • Methyl Methacrylate •   Waste Anesthetic Gases • Latex Considerations •   Glossary •   Index

About the Author: 

Cynthia Spry has been a perioperative nurse for more than twenty-five years, with seven and a half years as an OR Educator and five years as a Director of Surgical Services. Currently, she is an International Clinical Consultant for Advanced Sterilization Products, a Johnson & Johnson Company.She provides consultation and education in sterilization, disinfection, and infection control in the United States and in many other countries. She is a Past President of the (national) Association of perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN) and in 2002 received the Association's highest award, The Award for Excellence in Perioperative Nursing.